Kodi matupi a ketone ndi chiyani?

Ma ketones ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi, nthawi zambiri ngati kuyankha kwa metabolic kukhala muzakudya ketosis.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumapanga ma ketoni mukakhala mulibe glucose (kapena shuga) wokwanira kuti musinthe kukhala mphamvu. Thupi lanu likamva ngati likufunika m'malo mwa shuga, limasintha mafuta kukhala ma ketoni.

Mutha kuganiza kuti muyenera kukhala pazakudya za ketogenic kapena kukhala mu ketosis kuti mukhale ndi ma ketoni m'magazi anu. Koma nthawi zambiri mumakhala ndi ma ketones.

M'malo mwake, mutha kukhala ndi ma ketoni m'magazi anu pompano ( 1 ).

Ndiye kodi matupi a ketone ndi chiyani? Ndiziyani? Ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kukhala nazo?

Werengani kuti mufotokozere matupi a ketoni ndi udindo wawo ngati gwero loyambira lamphamvu mukakhala mu ketosis.

Kodi matupi a ketone ndi chiyani?

Matupi a Ketone, omwe amadziwikanso kuti "matupi a ketone," amapangidwa ndi thupi lomwe limaphwanya mafuta kuti likhale ndi mphamvu. Izi zimachitika kokha pamene chakudya chanu cha carb chili chochepa ndipo thupi lanu likusintha kukhala ketosis ( 2 ).

Umu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito:

  • Mukakhala otsika kwambiri, kusala kudya kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, thupi lanu limapeza mphamvu poyaka shuga (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti shuga wamagazi) ndi masitolo a glycogen (omwe amadziwikanso kuti mashuga osungidwa).
  • Glucose ikatha, thupi lanu limayamba kufunafuna njira ina yopangira mafuta. Pankhani ya zakudya za ketogenic, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamafuta.
  • Panthawiyi, thupi lanu lidzayamba kuphwanya mafuta a zakudya ndi mafuta a thupi kuti likhale mafuta, njira yotchedwa beta-oxidation. Thupi lanu litha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta acids ngati mafuta, kuphatikiza pamagulu ena otchedwa ketoni, omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi chanu.
  • Anthu pazakudya za ketogenic amachepetsa makamaka kudya kwawo kwa carb pazifukwa izi: kupanga ma ketoni kuti apange mphamvu.

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ubwino wa ketosis (kuchepa kwa carb kudalira komanso kuwotcha mafuta ambiri) kuti athandize kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchepetsa zilakolako, kusintha kolesteroloni, kuchepetsa thupi, kulimbitsa mphamvu, ndi zina.

Dikirani - Kodi Ketoni Ndi Yowopsa?

Matupi a Ketone ndi njira ina yopangira mafuta m'thupi lanu. Ngakhale simukuwadziwa bwino monga glucose, ndi mankhwala otetezeka kwambiri omwe mungagwiritse ntchito ngati mphamvu.

Mukapanga matupi a ketone, matupi a ketone ochulukirapo omwe thupi lanu silingathe kugwiritsa ntchito amachotsedwa kudzera mu mpweya kapena mkodzo wanu.

Nthawi yokhayo yomwe matupi a ketoni atha kukhala vuto ngati muli ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2, ndipo kusowa kwa insulini kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone ndi shuga m'magazi anu. Matendawa amadziwika kuti ketoacidosis ndipo afotokozedwa mozama pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyi.

Mitundu ya matupi a ketone

Ndiye ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe muyenera kudziwa? Poyambira, pali mitundu itatu ya matupi a ketone mwaukadaulo:

  • Acetoacetate (AcAc).
  • Beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB).
  • Acetone.

Onse acetoacetate ndi beta-hydroxybutyrate ali ndi udindo wonyamula mphamvu kuchokera kuchiwindi kupita kuzinthu zina m'thupi lanu.

Kupanga kwa Ketone

Panthawi ya ketogenesis, pamene matupi a ketone amapangidwa kuchokera ku kuwonongeka kwa mafuta acids, acetoacetate ndi ketone yoyamba kupangidwa.

Beta-hydroxybutyrate imapangidwa kuchokera ku acetoacetate. (Kuyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti BHB sichinthu cha ketone chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, koma imatengedwa kuti ndi ketone chifukwa cha ubale wake ndi ma metabolites ena ndi ntchito yake m'thupi lanu.)

Acetone, yomwe ndi thupi losavuta komanso losagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri la ketone, limapangidwa mokha ngati chopangidwa ndi acetoacetate. 3 ).

Ngati acetone safunikira mphamvu, imatha ndikutuluka m'thupi ngati zinyalala kudzera m'mpweya kapena mkodzo. Acetone ndi chifukwa cha fungo chipatso chibadwa cha mpweya pamene munthu ali mu ketosis kapena ketoacidosis.

Chifukwa chiyani thupi lathu limagwiritsa ntchito ma ketones?

Kwa mibadwo masauzande ambiri, anthu akhala akudalira ma ketoni kuti apeze mphamvu pomwe glucose palibe.

Mwachitsanzo, n’kutheka kuti makolo athu ankakhala nthawi zambiri pamene chakudya sichinkapezeka nthawi yomweyo, mwina chifukwa chokonza kapena kupezeka. Ndipo ngakhale lero, matupi athu ndi odabwitsa posinthana ndi matupi a ketone omwe amawotcha mafuta.

Ubwino wina wa matupi a ketone ungaphatikizepo:

  • Kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito amaganizidwe, chifukwa ma ketoni amawoloka chotchinga chamagazi-ubongo kuti apatse ubongo wanu mafuta othamanga komanso ogwira mtima.
  • Mphamvu Zathupi: Mukapanda kudalira glucose kuti mupange mafuta, thupi lanu limakhala logwira mtima pakuwotcha mafuta panthawi yolimbitsa thupi. Izi zikutanthauza kuwotcha mafuta ochulukirapo komanso mphamvu zokhazikika mukakhala mu ketosis ( 4 ) ( 5 ).

Momwe mungayesere matupi a ketone

Pali njira zitatu zosiyana zoyezera matupi a ketone: magazi, mpweya, ndi mkodzo. Mwa njira zitatuzi, ma ketoni amagazi ndi olondola kwambiri chifukwa amaimira zomwe thupi lanu likugwira ntchito.

Kuyeza mkodzo kumangothandiza kumayambiriro kwa keto-adaptation pamene thupi lanu likuphunzirabe kugwiritsa ntchito ketoni yomwe ikupanga. Panthawi imeneyi, gawo labwino la ma ketoni omwe mumatulutsa lidzatuluka mumkodzo wanu. Izi zitha kukupatsani lingaliro la ngati thupi lanu likupanga ma ketoni kapena ayi. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, thupi lanu lidzasintha kwambiri ndipo kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketoni otayika mumkodzo kudzachepa.

Kuyezetsa mpweya ndi njira yolondola yoyesera ndipo sivuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuyesa magazi, koma kungakhale kosalondola kwenikweni.

Mulimonsemo, kudziwa matupi anu a ketone ndi njira yabwino yodziwira ngati zakudya zanu ndi kusintha kwa moyo kukugwira ntchito.

Pali njira zingapo zoyezera thupi lanu matupi a ketone. Mutha kuyezetsa ku labu, koma pali njira zina zachangu komanso zotsika mtengo.

Miyezo yanu ya matupi a ketone imatha kukhala paliponse kuyambira ziro mpaka 3 kapena kupitilira apo, ndipo amayezedwa mu millimoles pa lita (mmol/L). M'munsimu muli mitundu yambiri, koma kumbukirani kuti zotsatira zoyesa zimatha kusiyana, kutengera zakudya zanu, kuchuluka kwa zochita zanu, komanso nthawi yomwe mwakhala mu ketosis.

  • Mulingo wa ketone wopanda pake: zosakwana 0,6 mmol.
  • Mlingo wa ketone wochepa mpaka pakati: pakati pa 0,6 ndi 1,5 mmol.
  • Kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone: 1.6 mpaka 3.0 mmol.
  • Kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone: kuposa 3.0 mmol.

Tsopano popeza milingo yafotokozedwa, tiyeni tiyang'ane njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa za iliyonse:

Urinalysis

Njira: Mkodzo pamkodzo womwe umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni malinga ndi mtundu.

Ubwino: Mutha kugula zingwezo m'masitolo ambiri ogulitsa mankhwala kapena pa intaneti pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. Iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta kwa wina watsopano pazakudya za ketogenic.

Zoyipa: Zingwe zoyesa mkodzo sizodalirika ngati mwakhala mu ketosis. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa munthu akakhala nthawi yayitali mu ketosis, thupi limayamba kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma ketoni (makamaka acetoacetate) kuti apeze mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuti mayesowo angasonyeze kutsika kwa ketosis kuposa zomwe mumapeza. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwerengera kwa ketone mkodzo kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte m'thupi lanu kapena momwe muliri.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi

Njira: Ndi glucometer yamagazi, cholembera cha lancet chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukanikizira kunsonga kwa chala chanu ndikujambula magazi pang'ono. Magazi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamzere woyesera amawunika kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi kudzera mu mita.

Ubwino: Iyi ndi njira yolondola kwambiri yowunikira matupi a ketone chifukwa zinthu zochepa zimasintha zotsatira.

Zoyipa: Zitha kukhala zodula, makamaka ngati mumayesa pafupipafupi. Mtengo nthawi zambiri ndi € 5-10 pamzere uliwonse!

Zindikirani: BHB ketone imatengedwa kudzera m'magazi, kotero iyi ndiyo njira yabwino yowonera milingo yanu ya ketone yeniyeniyo.

mayeso a mpweya

Njira: Gwiritsani ntchito mita ya mpweya wa Ketonix kuyesa kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mpweya wanu.

Ubwino: Ndi zotsika mtengo mutagula mita. Mukagula, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza popanda ndalama zowonjezera.

Kuipa: Osati njira yodalirika yoyesera, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino limodzi ndi njira zina.

ketoni ndi zakudya

Zikafika pamlingo woyenera wa zakudya za ketosis ndi ma ketoni m'thupi, chakudya choyenera cha ketogenic ndichofunikira. Kwa anthu ambiri, izi zikutanthauza kudya pakati pa 20-50 magalamu a chakudya patsiku.

Kuchita izi kumatanthauza kuchepetsa kapena kuchotseratu magwero ambiri amafuta m'zakudya zanu, kuphatikiza:

  • Mbewu zonse ndi zokonzedwa.
  • Maswiti ndi zinthu zophikidwa.
  • Madzi a zipatso ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.
  • Shuga woyengedwa.
  • Zipatso.
  • Zakudya monga mbatata, buledi, ndi pasitala.
  • Nyemba ndi nyemba.

Kuphatikiza pa kudula ma carbs, chakudya chokhazikika cha ketone chimaphatikizanso kudya zakudya zomanga thupi zomanga thupi ndipo, zofunika kwambiri, mafuta ochulukirapo kuti apititse patsogolo kuwotcha mafuta.

Zotsatira za Ketone

Kwa iwo omwe angoyamba kumene zakudya za ketogenic, pali zotsatira zanthawi yochepa zomwe mungakumane nazo mkati mwa sabata yoyamba kapena apo. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kumachitika mu kagayidwe kanu, komwe kumatha kusokoneza njira zina m'thupi lanu.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za keto-adaptation ndi kutaya kwa madzi ndi electrolyte. Thupi lanu likasinthira kumayendedwe oyaka mafuta, limataya madzi ambiri ndi ma electrolyte limodzi nawo.

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthuyo, ndipo anthu ena sangakhale nawo konse.

Zotsatira zosakhalitsa za ketosis zingaphatikizepo:

  • kumva kufooka
  • Kupweteka mutu
  • Kumva "mtambo" m'maganizo.
  • Kutopa pang'ono kapena kukwiya.
  • Zizindikiro za chimfine.

Mwamwayi, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosakhalitsa komanso zosavuta mwamsanga pamene thupi limasintha kusintha kwa mafuta a zakudya pakapita nthawi.

Machenjezo a Ketone Level

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba komanso amtundu wa 1 ayenera kudziwa za matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis (DKA), omwe amapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala acidic ngati ma ketoni akwera kwambiri.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, chifukwa DKA nthawi zambiri imakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulini kapena jakisoni wophonya wa insulin.

DKA ikhoza kuyika moyo pachiswe, kotero ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, musayambe kudya zakudyazi popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi odwala matenda ashuga omwe avulala, odwala, kapena osamwa madzi okwanira.

Ndikofunikiranso kudziwa kuti DKA ndi yosiyana ndi ketosis yopatsa thanzi, yomwe imakhala yotetezeka pazakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi. Kwa anthu ambiri, sikuyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa za kupanga ketone, monga ketoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuchotsedwa m'thupi ndipo ndi gawo la kuchepa kwa thupi labwino komanso kuwotcha mafuta.

Ma Ketones amatha kukhala ndi gawo lopindulitsa kwambiri pazinthu zambiri za moyo, kuphatikizapo thanzi labwino, kuchepa thupi, mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino la ketogenic.

Kumvetsetsa tsatanetsatane wa matupi a ketoni ndi momwe amalumikizirana ndi kukula kwa ketosis ndi zakudya zochepa za carb ndizofunikira kuti apambane m'madera onsewa pamodzi.

Fuentes:.

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